I'll try to be serious so I don't make any dumb jokes, but I have to say (when concerning sex determining your personality because that was the original question, I'm not touching the health part) that sex sort of matters.
Even as someone who is going through the very VERY early stages of an MtF transition and someone who wishes to topple the tyrannical classic sex tied genders, I can agree that sex does affect your personality to an extent. Sex is both a genetic thing, which partly affects a few things but more importantly is an issue of hormones. Hormones makes you act different ways, have different emotions, and affect your personality from young childhood… However, that's really where it stops and then moves on to society's role.
For anyone who doesn't agree with Freud because he is a sexist prick (even I know he is a misogynist), stop reading here, because I'm going to be using a bit of his version of how the mind works.
Now despite Freud's shortcomings in understanding women aren't jealous that men have dicks, he does manage to create a fairly accurate picture of how the mind is shaped in early childhood. When you are young, your role model is (more than likely) your parents for a long time. Your older siblings also have a part in that too. Anyway, your parents (and siblings) help shape your super-ego, the part of the mind that punishes you when you act in a way contradictory to your morality and knowledge of the world, and therefore are the first major influence on your idea of gender. I shall use my own childhood as an example, you may argue with your own personal experience if you'd like.
Remember for context, I am a young trans woman. Also, if you want the long and short of it scroll to the very bottom.
I was raised in a classic nuclear family with myself and my older brother. My parents taught us the way gender and marriage and all of that worked in the way they knew it, in the eyes of a boomer (which is not a slur, don't act like it is one). They didn't give John and I the whole "Boys don't cry, be a man." thing but they did treat us like what we were, two young boys. I myself was in certain ways, strangely feminine at a young age. Did I have masculine interests? Yes, but these mostly were interests brought to life by my masculine raising as a kid. The only major outside influence to me (as I was homeschooled and didn't see other people often, especially in such a small area) was I played a few sports and got to know the fellow players. I have almost ALWAYS gotten along better with females than males, as males had interests that seemed alien to me and were way too rough and rude (no offense gentlemen). When I got to middle school however (which is around the time Freud suggests that your role model changes), I began public school and whenever I acted feminine, I would be called "faggot" (pardon my language). I was harassed daily and slowly but surely acted more masculine over time as I was afraid of being that horrible thing my peers would call me, and hung around the manliest men that ever manned (or as close as a middle schooler gets, so not at all manly, just an asshole).
At this time I also wanted my parents to love me so I tried emulating my masculine and successful older brother. I tried to emulate everything I could about him.
Highschool is when the bullies moved on and I often hung around the people I was originally comfortable with, young ladies. Not because I wanted to get laid, but because I felt a better connection. (Besides, they were lesbians. We both agreed it was never going to happen.)
Eventually I was able to open up more and with a positive surrounding of gender fluidity, I finally was able to come out.
It's society and your surroundings that help define your personality, but more importantly help you open up and find out exactly where you stand instead of where you forced to stand. It sounds cheesy to say but I always felt feminine in my youth, but it was finding the right group to surround myself with that allowed me to say. That is what shaped me, not the fact I was born with a p rather than a v.
"My name is [REDACTED BECAUSE INTERNET], call me 'she'."
Now that I'm done with what felt like a Ted Talk, my point is personality is based leas on sex and more by gender.
