Meta References

Angel in Christian/Hebrew mythology.
Pomegranates seem to originate somewhere around the Middle East, but it's not really clear to me.
Libation is found in many ancient cultures globally.
Windskiff is like a regular skiff, but with more directional sails.
Selkin references mermaid stuff.
Chronic Migraines and Visual Static Syndrome are IRL conditions.
Dragon is in western and eastern mythologies.
Scorpion and Spider are real animals.
Milk is real food.

REFERENCES BY CULTURE OR LOCATION

AFRICA
Coffee Shrub and Coffee originates from the Ethiopian plateau.

CHINA

Chopsticks
Yueyu: This is blatantly Cantonese. Of course, this means we're gonna have to learn Cantonese.
Chai Shrub and Chai first came from China.
There is likely a considerable influence of this culture on the Essik in particular as there is a high quantity who speak Yueyu commonly at the Sanctuary of Cloud.

INDIA
Chai Milk tastes very similar to Masala Chai. (I wasn't really thinking of this in particular then, but it's what happened. I think it's not wrong.)

GERMANY
Wolpertinger: In German folklore, this creature was said to inhabit the Alpine forests of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

MEXICO
Nahuatl: The language of the Nahua peoples, today spoken mostly in Central Mexico.

REFERENCES BY SOURCE

UNKNOWN ORIGINS
Peryton: The Peryton was first named by Jorge Luis Borges in the 1957 'Book of Imaginary Beings'.

GUARDIANS OF GA'HOOLE
Great Beyond: I'm pretty sure the snake nanny said something about this. She's what I think of, anyway. Check the movie.

GREY IS... [Grey Is...]
White: White is an expat of the deuteragonist of the same name.

MYTHOLOGY - AFRICA
Anansi: Anansi is trickster storyteller originating in Akan folklore. He is sometimes considered to be a god of all knowledge of stories. Popular in West Africa and the Caribbean.

MYTHOLOGY - GREEK
Kore: Kore was the original name of the goddess Persephone. Parallel to her story, he becomes a part of Hell's Court for some part of the year. Possibly he becomes a living fixture of a dead place.
Phoenix: An immortal bird that cyclically regenerates or is reborn.

MYTHOLOGY - HEBREW
Hadassah: Hadassah was th
e original name of Queen Esther of Persia, who changed her name to avoid persecution.
Salome: Salome Alexandria was the second and final Queen of Judea. She calmed relations between the ruling dynasty and the Pharisees, and the country was said to have seen great bounty under her rule.
Vashti: Vashti was the beautiful Queen of Persia who was dismissed and succeeded by Esther.

MYTHOLOGY - HINDU
Mara: Mara is the Hindu goddess of death. Offerings were placed at her altar, and that's basically everything I can find on her.

MYTHOLOGY - NORSE
Vali: Vali was a warlike son of Odin in Norse mythology.
Valkyrie